Program Details : University Catalogs : University of Minnesota

PA 5002 - Introduction to Policy Analysis

Credits:	1.5 [max 1.5]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall & Spring

Process of public policy analysis from problem structuring to communication of findings. Commonly used analytical methods. Alternative models of analytical problem resolution.

PA 5003 - Introduction to Financial Analysis and Management

Credits:	1.5 [max 1.5]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall, Spring & Summer

Finance/accounting concepts/tools in public/nonprofit organizations. Fund accounting. Balance sheet/income statement analysis. Cash flow analysis. Public/nonprofit sector budgeting processes. Lectures, discussions. Cases. prereq: Public policy major/minor or major in development practice, public affairs or liberal studies or grad nonprofit mgmt cert or instr consent

PA 5011 - Dynamics of Public Affairs Organizations

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall & Spring

Critical analysis of organizations in the world of public affairs from multiple levels - including the individual, group, organization, and sector - and the dynamics of relationships among them. Develop actionable recommendations to improve organizational effectiveness in the context of multiple (often contested) prosocial purposes and conflicting stakeholder demands. Memo writing, case analyses, simulations, guest speakers, and self-awareness exercises

PA 5012 - The Politics of Public Affairs

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall & Spring

Politics is how we make collective decisions about matters of shared consequence. This course examines politics and introduces students to key concepts and skills needed for effective political analysis. The central themes of the course focus on power; institutions and organizations; discourse; and citizenship.

PA 5021 - Microeconomics for Policy Analysis

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Introduction to tools useful for public policy. Intermediate microeconomics.

FINA 6341 - World Economy

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Fall, Spring & Summer

Tools to predict/understand ramifications of major economic events. Financial crises. Changes in monetary, fiscal, financial policies. Strategies for promoting long-run economic growth. Examples from U.S., Europe, Japan, developing countries. prereq: MBA 6231 (previously MBA 6230), MBA or Mgmt Sci MBA student

PA 5022 - Applications of Economics for Policy Analysis

Credits:	1.5 -3.0 [max 9.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Application of economic reasoning to a wide range of contemporary public policy issues. The following topically-focused courses also fulfill the MPP economics requirement: PA 5431: Public Policies on Work and Pay, PA 5503: Economics of Development, PA 5521: Development Planning and Policy Analysis, PA 5722: Economics of Natural Resource and Environmental Policy, and PA 5805: Global Economics. prereq: 5021 or equiv

PA 5023 - Stratification Economics and Public Policy

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Grading Basis:	OPT No Aud
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Stratification economics differs from conventional neoclassical economics and its related offspring of behavioral economics because it does not assume that the nature of inequality arises solely via rational choices made in competitive markets. Rather, it posits structural and historical processes that impede the ability of marginalized groups to gain access to markets. One of the key insights from stratification economics is that conventional policy mechanisms (e.g. deterrence policies in the criminal justice system) don?t work because they fail to take account of the legacy of inequality (e.g. convict lease systems and vagrancy laws). The arguments in favor of reparations, baby bonds, universal health care can be viewed and examined using the methods and techniques of stratification economics. This course introduces students to some new methodologies that complement their training in conventional economic analysis. Topics: � A review of conventional microeconomic approaches to policy analysis, including the core assumptions and key conclusions � Summary and critique of the conventional microeconomic approach � The historical backdrop to the evolution of ?identity economics? and stratification economics for understanding racial disparities � Core assumptions of stratification economics � Applications: Housing markets and residential segregation; racial profiling; discrimination in labor markets. � Policy proposals based on stratification economics ? reparations, baby bonds, universal income and health payments. Advanced undergraduate students may register with permission of the instructor.

PA 5312 - Cost-Benefit Analysis for Program Evaluation

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Grading Basis:	OPT No Aud
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

This class introduces students to cost-benefit analysis, the leading evidenced-based method for determining whether a government program or policy improves the well-being of society. Starting with the foundations of welfare economics, students learn how to monetize important benefits and costs associated with government activities. Topics include discounting future benefits and costs, the roles of standing and risk, ways of valuing human lives and other benefits that may be hard to value in dollar terms. Students will acquire skills needed to perform relevant calculations needed for the economic assessment of benefits relative to costs and the ability to critique the use of these methods regarding how they may advantage or disadvantage some members of society or particular types of policies. Policy areas include preventive interventions in social, health and education as well as applications in transportation and environmental policy. Prerequisite: PA 5021 or other prior course in microeconomics.

PA 5416 - Economics of U.S. Social Insurance Programs

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Spring

This class will introduce you to the Economics of Social Insurance Programs. It begins by introducing a framework to evaluate the efficiency and equity of social insurance programs, drawing on theory from the economics of insurance programs and behavioral economics. It then applies this framework to social insurance programs such as workers? compensation, unemployment insurance, health insurance, social security, TANF and Supplemental Nutritional Assistance, and the Earned Income Tax Credit. Prerequisite: PA 5021 or other prior course in microeconomics.

PA 5431 - Public Policies on Work and Pay

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	HRIR 5655/PA 5431
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Public policies affecting employment, hours of work, and institutions in labor markets. Public programs impacting wages, unemployment, training, collective bargaining, job security, and workplace governance. Policy implications of the changing nature of work. prereq: [[PA 5031 or equiv], grad student] or instr consent

PA 5503 - Economics of Development

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Economic growth, inequality, poverty, rural/urban labor markets, risk/insurance. Investments in human capital, credit markets, gender/household economics, governance/institutional issues. Microfinance, conditional cash transfers, labor/education policies. prereq: PA 5501 or concurrent registration is required (or allowed) in PA 5501

PA 5521 - Development Planning and Policy Analysis

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Techniques of development planning/policy analysis at national, regional, and project levels. Effects of external shocks and government interventions on national/regional economies. Macroeconomic modeling, input-output analysis, social accounting matrices/multipliers, project evaluation. prereq: 5031 or equiv recommended or instr consent

PA 5722 - Economics of Environmental Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Introduction to economic principles and methods as they apply to environmental issues such as climate change, biodiversity conservation, and water quality. Course will cover benefit-cost analysis, methods of environmental valuation, as well as critiques of market-based solutions to environmental challenges.

PA 5805 - Global Economics

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Prerequisites:	[5021 or equivalent] or #
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Global trade, exchange rates, finance, international business, and migration in context of theories and evidence that inform the policies pursued at national level. Operation of main international organizations dealing with these issues will also be examined. prereq: [5021 or equivalent] or instr consent

PA 5031 - Statistics for Public Affairs

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Basic statistical tools for empirical analysis of public policy alternatives. Frequency distributions, descriptive statistics, elementary probability/probability distributions, statistical inference. Estimation/hypothesis testing. Cross-tabulation/chi-square distribution. Analysis of variance, correlation. Simple/multiple regression analysis.

PA 5045 - Statistics for Public Affairs, Accelerated

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Introduces a range of quantitative tools that are commonly used to inform issues in public affairs. The course provides an introduction to descriptive statistics, probability, and statistical inference, with an emphasis on the ways in which quantitative tools are applied to a diverse range of practical policy questions. PA 5045 is an accelerated treatment of applied statistics for public affairs and serves as a more mathematically and conceptually rigorous alternative to PA 5031.

PA 5032 - Applied Regression

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Bivariate/multivariate models of regression analysis, assumptions behind them. Problems using these models when such assumptions are not met.

PA 5041 - Qualitative Methods for Policy Analysts

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Fall & Spring

Qualitative analysis techniques, examples of application. Meet with researcher. Hands-on experience in designing, gathering, analyzing data.

PA 5044 - Applied Regression, Accelerated

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Bivariate/multivariate models used in regression analysis, including assumptions behind them/problems that arise when assumptions are not met. Course covers similar topics as PA 5032 but delves deeper into theory/application of methods. prereq: Students who register for PA 5044 must take PA 5044 and PA 5033 in the same semester. The same grade will be issued for PA 5044 and PA 5033 after PA 5033 is completed.

PA 5033 - Multivariate Techniques

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Use of bivariate and multivariate statistical approaches for analyzing and evaluating public affairs issues and the assumptions behind the analytical approaches. Designed to help students read, understand, interpret, use, and evaluate empirical work used in social sciences by policy analysts and policy makers. prereq: Students who register for PA 5033 must take PA 5044 and PA 5033 in the same semester. The same grade will be issued for PA 5044 and PA 5033 after PA 5033 is completed.

PA 5043 - Economic and Demographic Data Analysis

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Economic/demographic data analysis techniques for planning. Exposure to most important data sources. Conceptual understanding of range of methods/hands-on experience in applying these methods. prereq: Major or minor in urban/regional planning or instr consent

PA 5271 - Geographic Information Systems: Applications in Planning and Policy Analysis

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Fall & Spring

Introduction to GIS. Applications in public planning and policy analysis. Operational skills in GIS software. Mapping analysis of U.S. Census material. Local/state government management/planning. Spatial statistical analysis for policy/planning. prereq: Major in urban/regional planning or instr consent

PA 5311 - Program Evaluation

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

This course covers the core principals, methods, and implementation of evaluation research. Students will learn through an applied partnership with a nonprofit or state/local government clients. The course is designed for both students interested in a potential career in evaluation and those that want to be better consumers of research. Past programmatic/policy areas included health and human services, education, environment science, economic development, transportation, and evidence-based policymaking.

PA 5521 - Development Planning and Policy Analysis

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Techniques of development planning/policy analysis at national, regional, and project levels. Effects of external shocks and government interventions on national/regional economies. Macroeconomic modeling, input-output analysis, social accounting matrices/multipliers, project evaluation. prereq: 5031 or equiv recommended or instr consent

PA 5928 - Data Management and Visualization with R

Credits:	1.5 [max 1.5]
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Introduction to R Studio software. Use of R Studio to carry out R file and related database management functions. Tools and techniques for data analysis and statistical programming in quantitative research or related applied areas. Topics include data selection, data manipulation, and data and spatial visualization (including charts, plots, histograms, maps, and other graphs). Prerequisite knowledge: Introductory statistics; ability to create bar graphs, line graphs, and scatter plots in MS Excel; and familiarity with principles of data visualization.

PA 5929 - Data Visualization: Telling Stories with Numbers

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Typically offered:	Every Fall & Spring

Tools for communicating quantitative information in an intelligent, effective and persuasive way. Topics covered include 1) writing and speaking about data; 2) data management in Excel in order to prepare data for charting; 3) understanding and ability to deploy core concepts in of design, layout, typography and color to maximize the impact of their data visualizations 4) determining which types of statistical measures are most effective for each type of data and message; 5) determining which types of design to use for communicating quantitative information; and 6) designing graphs and tables that are intelligent and compelling for communicating quantitative information.

PA 5932 - Working with Data: Finding, Managing, and Using Data

Credits:	1.5 [max 1.5]
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Hands-on experience with common issues that arise when using secondary data sets. After successful completion of the course, students should be able to: 1. Determine where to find data and information about data (metadata) for policy-related topics. 2. Repurpose, manipulate, and/or clean data collected by someone else or for a different purpose in order to answer questions. 3. Determine appropriate units of analysis, weights, data structure, and variables of interest in order to answer policy-related questions. 4. Document workflow to allow reproducibility and protect the confidentiality of the data. 5. Conduct basic data manipulation tasks (making tables) using existing software including Excel and Stata. 6. Learn how to find answers for questions through online support. This course will focus on Excel and Stata equally. Previous experience in Stata is preferred, but the course will include a brief introduction to relevant skills.

PA 5933 - Survey Methods: Designing Effective Questionnaires

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Applied (hands-on) introduction to survey questionnaire design. Student teams design a questionnaire for a client. For example, students may draft and revise questions about respondents' demographics and employment; life histories; knowledge, use, and opinions about services; and/or anxiety and well-being. The syllabus evolves depending on the needs of the client and the class' decisions about how to build the survey; a complete syllabus will not be available at the beginning of class for this reason. Readings include a textbook and articles related to the client's survey. Students actively engage in class and in groups about draft questions, thus learning how to improve them, with regular feedback from the instructor. Questions are tested on volunteers. Students learn: the process of questionnaire design in a team; pitfalls of survey design; and how to track questions, coded responses, and prompts for interviewers. This class is not a substitute for a comprehensive survey research class or a statistical course on sampling and weighting. Students will learn: - The process of questionnaire design in a team - Basic pitfalls of survey design ? names, definitions, examples. - How to use Excel to track questions, coded responses, and prompts for interviewers - How to use interviewing software SurveyToGo This class is not a substitute for a comprehensive survey research class or a statistical course on sampling and weighting.

PA 8081 - Capstone Workshop

Credits:	3.0 [max 6.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Spring & Summer

Project for external client on issue agreed upon by student, client, and instructor. Students apply interdisciplinary methods, approaches, and perspectives from core courses. Written report with analysis and policy recommendations. Oral presentation. Topics vary by term. prereq: completion of core courses or instr consent

PA 8082 - Professional Paper-Writing Seminar

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Facilitates completion of research paper on current issues in public policy, management, and science, technology and environment. Students apply interdisciplinary methods, approaches, and perspectives studied in core courses. Written report includes analysis of issue, policy recommendations. All topics accepted. Plan A students welcome. prereq: completion of core courses, or instr consent

PA 8921 - Master's: Professional Paper (Individual Option)

Credits:	1.0 -3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Fall, Spring & Summer

Students work under guidance of paper adviser and committee members to complete their Professional Paper (individual option). prereq: instr consent

PA 5041 - Qualitative Methods for Policy Analysts

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Fall & Spring

Qualitative analysis techniques, examples of application. Meet with researcher. Hands-on experience in designing, gathering, analyzing data.

PA 5271 - Geographic Information Systems: Applications in Planning and Policy Analysis

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Fall & Spring

Introduction to GIS. Applications in public planning and policy analysis. Operational skills in GIS software. Mapping analysis of U.S. Census material. Local/state government management/planning. Spatial statistical analysis for policy/planning. prereq: Major in urban/regional planning or instr consent

PA 5301 - Population Methods & Issues for the United States & Global South

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	PA 5301/Soc 5511
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Basic demographic measures/methodology. Demographic transition, mortality, fertility. Perspectives on nonmarital fertility, marriage, divorce, cohabitation. Cultural differences in family structure, aging, migration, refugee movements, population policies. Discussion of readings. prereq: Grad student or instr consent

PA 5311 - Program Evaluation

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

This course covers the core principals, methods, and implementation of evaluation research. Students will learn through an applied partnership with a nonprofit or state/local government clients. The course is designed for both students interested in a potential career in evaluation and those that want to be better consumers of research. Past programmatic/policy areas included health and human services, education, environment science, economic development, transportation, and evidence-based policymaking.

PA 5312 - Cost-Benefit Analysis for Program Evaluation

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Grading Basis:	OPT No Aud
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

This class introduces students to cost-benefit analysis, the leading evidenced-based method for determining whether a government program or policy improves the well-being of society. Starting with the foundations of welfare economics, students learn how to monetize important benefits and costs associated with government activities. Topics include discounting future benefits and costs, the roles of standing and risk, ways of valuing human lives and other benefits that may be hard to value in dollar terms. Students will acquire skills needed to perform relevant calculations needed for the economic assessment of benefits relative to costs and the ability to critique the use of these methods regarding how they may advantage or disadvantage some members of society or particular types of policies. Policy areas include preventive interventions in social, health and education as well as applications in transportation and environmental policy. Prerequisite: PA 5021 or other prior course in microeconomics.

PA 5421 - Racial Inequality and Public Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	OPT No Aud
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Historical roots of racial inequality in American society. Contemporary economic consequences. Public policy responses to racial inequality. Emphasizes thinking/analysis that is critical of strategies offered for reducing racism and racial economic inequality. prereq: Grad or instr consent

PA 5426 - Community-Engaged Research and Policy with Marginalized Groups

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Marginalized populations tend to be viewed as objects of social policy, passive victims, or a cause of social problems. Processes of marginalization we will explore in this class include: structural racism, colonization, economic exclusion and exploitation, gender bias, and more. Policy and research are typically driven by mainstream/dominant society members with little direct knowledge about the real lives of people on the margins. This can lead to misguided actions, misunderstandings, paternalism, unintended negative consequences, and further marginalization and/or stigmatization. In this course, we will learn about community-engaged research methodologies such as participatory action research (PAR) and community-based participatory research (CPBR). We will use case studies to explore the challenges, rewards, and ethical implications of these community-engaged approaches to research and policy-making. Possible topics include, but are not limited to, sex trafficking, housing, and youth work. Instructors and students in the course will work together on a real-world research and policy challenge so that students contribute to ongoing work in the field in real-time.

PA 5431 - Public Policies on Work and Pay

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	HRIR 5655/PA 5431
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Public policies affecting employment, hours of work, and institutions in labor markets. Public programs impacting wages, unemployment, training, collective bargaining, job security, and workplace governance. Policy implications of the changing nature of work. prereq: [[PA 5031 or equiv], grad student] or instr consent

PA 5933 - Survey Methods: Designing Effective Questionnaires

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Applied (hands-on) introduction to survey questionnaire design. Student teams design a questionnaire for a client. For example, students may draft and revise questions about respondents' demographics and employment; life histories; knowledge, use, and opinions about services; and/or anxiety and well-being. The syllabus evolves depending on the needs of the client and the class' decisions about how to build the survey; a complete syllabus will not be available at the beginning of class for this reason. Readings include a textbook and articles related to the client's survey. Students actively engage in class and in groups about draft questions, thus learning how to improve them, with regular feedback from the instructor. Questions are tested on volunteers. Students learn: the process of questionnaire design in a team; pitfalls of survey design; and how to track questions, coded responses, and prompts for interviewers. This class is not a substitute for a comprehensive survey research class or a statistical course on sampling and weighting. Students will learn: - The process of questionnaire design in a team - Basic pitfalls of survey design ? names, definitions, examples. - How to use Excel to track questions, coded responses, and prompts for interviewers - How to use interviewing software SurveyToGo This class is not a substitute for a comprehensive survey research class or a statistical course on sampling and weighting.

PA 8302 - Applied Policy Analysis

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Design/evaluation of public policies. Emphasizes market/non-market contexts. Microeconomics and welfare economics of policy analysis. Econometric tools for measurement of policy outcomes. Applications to policy problems. prereq: Intermediate microeconomics, introduction to econometrics

PA 5601 - Global Survey of Gender and Public Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall

Introduction to the key concepts and tools necessary for gender policy analysis. Survey of the major findings in the field of gender and public policy in policy areas such as poverty alleviation, health, international security, environment and work-family reconciliation. Scope includes local, national, and global policy arenas as well as exploration of gender and the politics of policy formulation.

BTHX 5000 - Topics in Bioethics

Credits:	1.0 -4.0 [max 8.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Bioethics topics of contemporary interest. Topics specified in Class Schedule.

BTHX 8510 - Gender and the Politics of Health

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Spring Even Year

Significance of gender to health and health care. Feminist analysis regarding moral/political importance of gender, possibly including contemporary western medicine?s understanding of the body, childbirth, and reproductive technologies; cosmetic surgery; chronic illness; disability; participation in research; gender and classification of disease. Care work, paid/non-paid. Readings from feminist theory, history, social science, bioethics, and moral philosophy. prereq: instr consent

GWSS 5104 - Transnational Feminist Theory

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Fall Odd Year

Third World and transnational feminisms. Interrogating the categories of "women," "feminism," and "Third World." Varieties of power/oppression that women have endured/resisted, including colonization, nationalism, globalization, and capitalism. Concentrates on postcolonial context.

GWSS 5290 - Topics: Biology, Health, and Environmental Studies

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Topics specified in class schedule.

LAW 6036 - Reproductive Rights & Justice

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Periodic Spring

This course is a critical look at the regulation of sex, sexuality, and reproduction by American law. The materials will examine the evolution of family law as a normative system, how marriage and criminal law interact to enforce sexual boundaries, how regulation of pregnant bodies and birthing subvert bodily autonomy to 'science' and how science reinforces socially constructed ideas of women's roles, how criminal laws are used to reinforce boundaries of acceptable sexual and reproductive behavior, and the increasing intervention of state and federal actors in our private sexual and reproductive lives. It addresses the rights of women, men, minors, and the government. Students will explore ethical considerations, historical perspectives, and how regulation of reproduction -- either directly or indirectly -- reinforces racial hierarchies. This is a discussion-centered course that requires deep engagement with the material and regular class attendance.

LAW 6046 - Human Trafficking

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Periodic Spring

Seminar will examine the breadth and depth of efforts to combat and raise awareness about human trafficking, a form of modern-day slavery in which people are compelled through force, fraud, coercion, or other means to engage in commercial sexual exploitation or forced labor.

LAW 6645 - Gender Theory and the Law

Credits:	2.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

This course will cover the application of gender theory to contemporary legal issues such as sexual harassment and the #MeToo movement, the intersection of race and gender in political and workplace identities, the construction of masculinity in competitive workplace cultures, the tensions between gender equality and protection of caretaking roles in the family, the rise of gender fluid identities, the unprecedented political gender gap among millennials, and the growing gender pay gap in the most elite parts of the American economy. In examining these legal issues, the course will revisit feminist and masculinities theories, consider the sources of gender identity and traits, and examine developments in Title IX, employment discrimination, criminal, and family law.

LAW 6827 - Women's International Human Rights

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Spring

This seminar addresses the history and legal context of women�s human rights; the UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) and its impact; gender and human rights in the international system; specific topics such as property and other economic rights, reproductive rights, and violence against women; and the role of nongovernmental organizations in making CEDAW work for women.

LAW 6862 - Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Human Rights

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Periodic Spring

Few areas of law have changed as quickly or as dramatically as those regulating the rights of members of the LGBTQ community. This is true in Minnesota, nationally, in foreign jurisdictions, and at the international level. These evolving debates span numerous areas of law, including criminal, asylum, family, employment, civil rights, and human rights. This course will critically review the history and broader context of these legal developments to ask: where should we go from here? Through the lens of paradigmatic cases and events, we will examine local, national, and international advocacy approaches to a wide range of human rights issues affecting LGBTQ people: criminalization, violence, stigma, forced migration, marriage, family, housing, health, employment, and freedom of speech and association. The course will analyze how factors like race and class have shaped the LGBTQ rights movement in the US and beyond, with an emphasis on how laws and policies that appear neutral on their face can nevertheless have a disparate impact on members of the LGBTQ community. Students will study primary and scholarly sources, supplemented by narrative and other artistic material. Through focused interactions with guest speakers, students will have the opportunity to learn from practitioners working on litigation, advocacy, and mobilization in Minnesota, the US, and abroad. Coursework consists of independent research projects informed by students? interests. Students will finish the seminar with a better understanding of the relevant law and the choices and challenges faced by human rights advocates in a rapidly changing field.

LAW 6886 - International Human Rights Law

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Role of lawyers using procedures of the United Nations, Organization of American States, State Department, Congress, U.S. Courts, and nongovernmental organizations to address international human rights problems. Is there a law of international human rights? How is that law made, changed, and invoked? Problem method used.

OLPD 5107 - Gender, Education, and International Development

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Role of gender/gender relations in international development/education. Interdisciplinary body of literature from development studies, political science, economics, anthropology, cultural studies, gender/women's studies.

PA 5426 - Community-Engaged Research and Policy with Marginalized Groups

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Marginalized populations tend to be viewed as objects of social policy, passive victims, or a cause of social problems. Processes of marginalization we will explore in this class include: structural racism, colonization, economic exclusion and exploitation, gender bias, and more. Policy and research are typically driven by mainstream/dominant society members with little direct knowledge about the real lives of people on the margins. This can lead to misguided actions, misunderstandings, paternalism, unintended negative consequences, and further marginalization and/or stigmatization. In this course, we will learn about community-engaged research methodologies such as participatory action research (PAR) and community-based participatory research (CPBR). We will use case studies to explore the challenges, rewards, and ethical implications of these community-engaged approaches to research and policy-making. Possible topics include, but are not limited to, sex trafficking, housing, and youth work. Instructors and students in the course will work together on a real-world research and policy challenge so that students contribute to ongoing work in the field in real-time.

PA 5522 - International Development Policy, Families, and Health

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall

Implications of paid/unpaid labor for development policy, using household as prism. Legal/cultural use of property rights. Financial effects of ill health. Caregiving. Work-family conflict, policies that alleviate it. Role of gender. Qualitativequantitative methods. Readings, lectures, discussions. prereq: Grad student or instr consent

PA 5561 - Gender and International Development

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Spring

Women and men are affected differently by development and participate differently in policy formulation and implementation. Gender-sensitive perspective. Historical, political context. Global South. Policy, practice, and experience (theory and measurement; international, national, local stakeholders; effects of policy and practice on development). prereq: Grad or instr consent

PA 5622 - GAINS: Gender and Intersectional Network Series, Leadership Workshop I

Credits:	0.5 -1.0 [max 1.0]
Grading Basis:	S-N only
Typically offered:	Fall Odd Year

GAINS: Gender and Intersectional Network Series, Leadership Workshop prepares students with the skills to lead effectively and challenge institutional norms and practices that perpetuate disparities based on gender, race and other structural inequalities. Women, racially marginalized individuals, and LGBTI-identified individuals are still disproportionately underrepresented in leadership roles in public, private, and nonprofit institutions in spite of high rates of educational attainment and equal opportunity legislation. Women of color and indigenous women face even greater obstacles to advancement compared to white women. Barriers to diverse leadership today stem less from overt discrimination and more from �second generation� forms of bias � often invisible but still powerful cultural beliefs as well as workplace structures and practices. Achieving leadership parity thus entails individual, collective and institutional change. Course pedagogy includes case studies, group discussions, self-reflection and simulations that have been proven to have a lasting impact on individual leaders in developing their own leadership capacity. Guest speakers offer potential role models and share their leadership perspectives. The workshop and two-semester format of the course allows students to benefit from a cohort model of learning and develop their own network of practice. Moreover, GAINS focuses not just on individual leadership development, but also organizational and systems level change. Students of all genders interested in addressing personal and institutional barriers to advancement that are rooted in gender inequalities and their intersections with race and other forms of inequality are welcome to enroll. To get the most out of the network and cohort development aspects of this course, students are encouraged to participate for two semesters.

PA 5623 - GAINS: Gender and Intersectional Network Series, Leadership Workshop II

Credits:	0.5 -1.0 [max 1.0]
Grading Basis:	S-N only
Typically offered:	Spring Odd Year

GAINS: Gender and Intersectional Network Series, Leadership Workshop prepares students with the skills to lead effectively and challenge institutional norms and practices that perpetuate disparities based on gender, race and other structural inequalities. Women, racially marginalized individuals, and LGBTI-identified individuals are still disproportionately underrepresented in leadership roles in public, private, and nonprofit institutions in spite of high rates of educational attainment and equal opportunity legislation. Women of color and indigenous women face even greater obstacles to advancement compared to white women. Barriers to diverse leadership today stem less from overt discrimination and more from ?second generation? forms of bias ? often invisible but still powerful cultural beliefs as well as workplace structures and practices. Achieving leadership parity thus entails individual, collective and institutional change. Course pedagogy includes case studies, group discussions, self-reflection and simulations that have been proven to have a lasting impact on individual leaders in developing their own leadership capacity. Guest speakers offer potential role models and share their leadership perspectives. The workshop and two-semester format of the course allows students to benefit from a cohort model of learning and develop their own network of practice. Moreover, GAINS focuses not just on individual leadership development, but also organizational and systems level change. Students of all genders interested in addressing personal and institutional barriers to advancement that are rooted in gender inequalities and their intersections with race and other forms of inequality are welcome to enroll. To get the most out of the network and cohort development aspects of this course, students are encouraged to participate for two semesters.

PA 5631 - LGBTQ Politics & Policy

Credits:	1.5 [max 1.5]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Spring

The advancement of LGBTQ rights in the United States has experienced unprecedented success over the last twenty years, shifting both public attitude towards and legal protection for LGBTQ Americans. This course will provide an in-depth analysis of current LGBTQ policy achievements in the United States, including the recognition of marriage equality in all 50 states, the repeal of Don?t Ask, Don?t Tell, increased anti-discrimination protections, and rights for people who are transgender or gender non-conforming. Emphasis will be placed on how these victories were achieved, including background on the strategies and tactics used to generate policy results. We will also take a critical look at such milestones and examine what they mean for the entire LGBTQ population, including queer people of color, transgender and gender nonconforming individuals, the disabled, and economically disadvantaged. Intersectionality will be a key aspect of the course, in particular, analysis on how the differential effects of policy among segments of the population that may not experience the benefits of policy passage as quickly or as broadly. Incorporated into this analysis will be readings from queer liberation scholars to help us evaluate the pros and cons of existing LGBTQ policy gains. The course will explore what full equality might look like for LGBTQ people in the United States with an examination of what can and cannot be achieved through policy. Practical application on how policy is made will be intertwined throughout the course. Topics to be covered include the meaning and measurement of LGBTQ identity; estimates of those who identify as LGBTQ; the measurement of Americans? attitudes on LGBTQ issues and how these attitudes have changed over the past few decades; assessment of changes in law and policies at the national, state and local levels; and the implications of these changes for the lived experience of LGBTQ people and their families, including health, well-being, stigma and discrimination.

PA 5662 - Gender & Social Policy in Europe & the Americas

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Spring Even Year

The variety of approaches to social welfare policies around the globe ? from pensions to poverty relief to parental leave ? offer many lessons not only for how to address basic needs, but also for building more gender- and race- equitable societies. This course provides conceptual and historical grounding for understanding the origins and impacts of social welfare policies, and how these policies serve as crucial arbiters of gender, race and class relations. The course compares historical and contemporary social policy regimes and their impacts on individuals and societies in Europe and the Americas. The course centers on four questions: 1) How are social policies ?gendered?, ?raced? and ?classed?? The course readings and discussions consider multiple feminist perspectives and approaches which show how social policies are based on specific assumptions about gender and its intersections with race, class, and immigrant status, and in turn create or reinforce a particular social order. 2) Why do social policies in different countries look so different? The course traces the historical development of specific social welfare regimes with attention to interactions between states, political parties, unions, firms, and social movements. Understanding the historical political determinants of current policies can provide clues to appropriate strategies for change. 3) What lessons can we glean from other countries to promote equity across gender and other forms of inequality? The course dives into research that measures the impact of specific social policies on equity and considers the appropriateness and transferability of policy ideas across borders. 4) What are the contemporary challenges to social welfare systems and their ability to promote gender equity? The course considers a variety of such challenges such as stagnating birth rates that threaten the economic solvency of social policy systems; the pressures of refugees and mass migration; and how the global COVID-19 pandemic both revealed and exacerbated underlying deficiencies in social policy systems.

PA 5683 - Gender, Race and Political Representation

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Spring Even Year

Explores intersection of gender, race and political issues to identify best practices for strengthening roles of under-represented groups in governance. Individual, structural and institutional factors attributed to increasing the election and appointment of under-represented groups. Theories of citizen representation. Global approach with cross-national evidence and comparative country studies.

PA 5690 - Topics in Women, Gender and Public Policy

Credits:	0.5 -3.0 [max 9.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Selected topics. prereq: Grad student or instr consent

PA 5890 - Topics in Foreign Policy and International Affairs

Credits:	0.5 -5.0 [max 15.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Selected topics.

POL 8360 - Topics in American Politics

Credits:	3.0 [max 9.0]
Typically offered:	Every Fall & Spring

Readings and research in special topics or problems. prereq: instr consent

PUBH 6630 - Foundations of Maternal and Child Health Leadership

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	PubH 6630/PubH 6655
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Historical/current principles, programs, policies, and practices related to women, children, adolescents, and families. Articulating a personal leadership style/plan for development of leadership competencies. Leadership principles, skills, and models applied to improving health of MCH populations. prereq: Public Health MCH major or instr consent

SOC 8221 - Sociology of Gender

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	Soc 8221/WoSt 8202
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall

Organization, culture, and dynamics of gender relations and gendered social structures. Sample topics: gender, race, and class inequalities in the workplace; women.s movement; social welfare and politics of gender inequality; theoretical and methodological debates in gender studies; sexuality; science; sociology of emotions.

GLOS 5403 - Human Rights Advocacy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	GloS 5403/Law 6058
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Theoretical basis of human rights movement. Organizations, strategies, tactics, programs. Advocacy: fact-finding, documentation, campaigns, trial observations. Forensic science. Human rights education, medical/psychological treatment. Research project or background for case study. prereq: Grad student

LAW 6071 - International Law

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	Law 6011/Law 6071
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Spring

The course is an introduction to public international law. It will examine the sources and history of the law of nations and how international law is formed, interpreted, and (sometimes) enforced. It will also provide a brief introduction to the law of international organizations (specifically the United Nations), concepts of jurisdiction and conflicts of jurisdiction among nation states, international protection of human rights, the law of war, international criminal law, and the control of the use of force (including peacekeeping and related topics). prereq: Upper division students only

LAW 6886 - International Human Rights Law

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Role of lawyers using procedures of the United Nations, Organization of American States, State Department, Congress, U.S. Courts, and nongovernmental organizations to address international human rights problems. Is there a law of international human rights? How is that law made, changed, and invoked? Problem method used.

PA 5151 - Organizational Perspectives on Global Development & Humanitarian Assistance

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Organizational analysis of international development and humanitarian assistance, including perspectives from sociology, political science, psychology, public administration, and management. Examines efforts of multiple organizational players, including NGOs, governments, bi-lateral and multi-lateral organizations, corporations, foundations, and international organizations. Critical analysis of aid organizations, especially regarding ways in which they reflect and create power and privilege, the manner in which individuals� needs and desires interact with, support, or challenge the needs of the organization, and how all of this is influenced by forces outside the boundary of the organization. Students practice developing actionable recommendations to improve the effectiveness of international aid organizations in the context of multiple (and often contested) understandings of global development needs and conflicting stakeholder demands. Readings, class discussions, mini-lectures, simulations, case analyses, group projects, oral presentations, memo writing, opinion writing.

PA 5301 - Population Methods & Issues for the United States & Global South

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	PA 5301/Soc 5511
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Basic demographic measures/methodology. Demographic transition, mortality, fertility. Perspectives on nonmarital fertility, marriage, divorce, cohabitation. Cultural differences in family structure, aging, migration, refugee movements, population policies. Discussion of readings. prereq: Grad student or instr consent

PA 5501 - Theories and Policies of Development

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Fall

What makes some countries wealthier than others, one group of people healthier and more educated than another? How does the behavior of rich nations affect poor nations? Origins of development thought, contemporary frameworks and policy debates. Economic, human, and sustainable development. prereq: Grad student or instr consent

PA 5503 - Economics of Development

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Economic growth, inequality, poverty, rural/urban labor markets, risk/insurance. Investments in human capital, credit markets, gender/household economics, governance/institutional issues. Microfinance, conditional cash transfers, labor/education policies. prereq: PA 5501 or concurrent registration is required (or allowed) in PA 5501

PA 5504 - Transforming Development

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Emerging infectious diseases such as COVID-19, antimicrobial resistance, climate change, loss of species, and habitats are driven by our dominant definition of development and pose existential challenges to humankind. COVID-19 has laid bare the ethnic, racial, class, and gender inequalities in the ways societies across the globe lead material life (economy). Current social and environmental challenges are global and local in scale and challenge us to consider poverty alleviation not as an international issue and only of concern for low resourced communities and developing countries, but one in need of attention in every country in the world, including peoples in the wealthy West. This course examines the emerging pluriverse paradigm and some of the models intending to transform development: nature rights movement, community economy, solidarity movement, degrowth, transition design, and ontologies and epistemologies of First Nations in North and South America. We will contrast these development models to sustainable development goals and the green growth approach.

PA 5521 - Development Planning and Policy Analysis

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Techniques of development planning/policy analysis at national, regional, and project levels. Effects of external shocks and government interventions on national/regional economies. Macroeconomic modeling, input-output analysis, social accounting matrices/multipliers, project evaluation. prereq: 5031 or equiv recommended or instr consent

PA 5522 - International Development Policy, Families, and Health

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall

Implications of paid/unpaid labor for development policy, using household as prism. Legal/cultural use of property rights. Financial effects of ill health. Caregiving. Work-family conflict, policies that alleviate it. Role of gender. Qualitativequantitative methods. Readings, lectures, discussions. prereq: Grad student or instr consent

PA 5561 - Gender and International Development

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Spring

Women and men are affected differently by development and participate differently in policy formulation and implementation. Gender-sensitive perspective. Historical, political context. Global South. Policy, practice, and experience (theory and measurement; international, national, local stakeholders; effects of policy and practice on development). prereq: Grad or instr consent

PA 5590 - Topics in Economic and Community Development

Credits:	1.0 -3.0 [max 9.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Selected topics.

PA 5601 - Global Survey of Gender and Public Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall

Introduction to the key concepts and tools necessary for gender policy analysis. Survey of the major findings in the field of gender and public policy in policy areas such as poverty alleviation, health, international security, environment and work-family reconciliation. Scope includes local, national, and global policy arenas as well as exploration of gender and the politics of policy formulation.

PA 5683 - Gender, Race and Political Representation

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Spring Even Year

Explores intersection of gender, race and political issues to identify best practices for strengthening roles of under-represented groups in governance. Individual, structural and institutional factors attributed to increasing the election and appointment of under-represented groups. Theories of citizen representation. Global approach with cross-national evidence and comparative country studies.

PA 5690 - Topics in Women, Gender and Public Policy

Credits:	0.5 -3.0 [max 9.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Selected topics. prereq: Grad student or instr consent

PA 5801 - Global Public Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Spring

This course explores the emergence and evolution of rules, norms, and institutions that constitute international relations. It will focus, in particular, on those related to questions of war, peace, and governance. For students with an interest in international security, foreign military intervention, democracy and governance promotion, and the political economy of aid.

PA 5813 - US Foreign Policy: Issues and Institutions

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	OPT No Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall

This course helps students develop a deep understanding of U.S. foreign policy issues and institutions, and the implications of U.S. global engagement. Through readings, class discussions, and guest lectures, we look at the institutions and processes involved in developing and managing US foreign policy, and use case studies to advance students' knowledge of bilateral and regional issues. We examine the workings of the State Department, the National Security Council, and the Department of Defense; how economic instruments like sanctions are used to advance policy; and how American citizens, lobbyists, and foreign governments influence policy. We incorporate discussions of current events into each class, with students developing skills in writing and presentation critical to foreign policy careers.

PA 5814 - Global Diplomacy in a Time of Change

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	OPT No Aud
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Taught by the Humphrey School?s diplomat in residence, this course examines the changing world of twenty-first century global diplomacy and how state and nonstate actors are challenging the status quo. We look at the dynamics behind major international developments?with case studies including BREXIT, the Iran Agreement, climate negotiations, and China?s global initiatives?placed in the context of an examination of how states operate in the international diplomatic sphere and how multilateral organizations enhance or challenge the concept of state sovereignty. Students gain knowledge about the complexities of diplomacy and negotiation through readings, classroom discussions, and guest speakers and develop professional skills through writing and presentation assignments.

PA 5823 - Human Rights and Humanitarian Crises: Policy Challenges

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	OPT No Aud
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Examines response of governments, international organizations, NGOs, and others to global humanitarian and human rights challenges posed by civil conflict and other complex emergencies in places such as Syria, Ukraine, South Sudan, Somalia, Burma, and elsewhere. Course will also consider and assess UN and other institutions established to address these issues (like UNOCHA and UNHCR). In addition, course will examine US policy toward humanitarian issues and refugees (including US refugee admissions).

PA 5825 - Crisis Management in Foreign Affairs

Credits:	1.5 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Crisis decision making in foreign policy. Examination of the organization and structure of crisis decision-making within U.S. national security apparatus. Analysis of in-depth four foreign policy crises (Cuban Missile Crisis, Vietnam � Tet, Iraq, and a current crisis). Crisis simulation with students in the role of national security leaders.

PA 5826 - National Security Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	PA 5826/PA 8821
Typically offered:	Every Fall

This course will analyze U.S. national security policy and process from the viewpoint of the National Security Council staff. Students will examine the organization and structure of the U.S. national security apparatus and the national security decision-making process, including individual and political factors; assess central threats to U.S. and international security and develop and discuss policy options to deal with those threats; undertake a major policy review on a specific national security challenge facing the United States, including analysis and recommendations; produce products, both written and oral, crucial to national security policy making (e.g., concise information and action memorandum), and put themselves in the position of national security leaders as part of a policy simulation. Grades will be based on oral participation, papers, and class reports.

PA 5827 - International Strategic Crisis Negotiation Exercise

Credits:	1.0 [max 4.0]
Grading Basis:	OPT No Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall

The course will enable students to engage in a simulated multi-party negotiation of a complex, high stakes international crisis with multiple players, focused on a future or current international crisis. It provides students across all degree programs the opportunity to participate in a dynamic, actively managed exercise in which teams attempt to negotiate a solution to a fictional future crisis based on current global realities. Students will be divided into six or seven teams representing countries or non-state actors involved in the crisis. A subject-matter expert (such as a retired ambassador) will guide the negotiations playing the role of a UN envoy. Each team will be mentored by a retired diplomat, military officer ,or other experienced volunteer who will provide negotiating and strategic advice. A team from the Army War College, a leading institution in strategic exercises, will lead the exercise, providing structured input that gives students a realistic sense of how strategic actors must think and behave in crisis negotiation scenarios. Students are given course material in advance and meet with mentors to prepare for the exercise. A different international crisis is featured each year, and students are encouraged to participate more than once.

PA 5885 - Human Rights Policy: Issues and Actors

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Politics of human rights issue emergence; relevant international, regional, and domestic norms; correlates of state repression; measurement of human rights abuse and remedies; human rights promotion by states, political parties, international organizations, NGOs, social movements, faith-based organizations, and providers of international development assistance.

PA 5890 - Topics in Foreign Policy and International Affairs

Credits:	0.5 -5.0 [max 15.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Selected topics.

PA 8151 - Organizational Perspectives on Global Development & Humanitarian Assistance

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Organizational analysis of international development and humanitarian assistance, including perspectives from sociology, political science, psychology, public administration, and management. Examines efforts of multiple organizational players, including NGOs, governments, bi-lateral and multi-lateral organizations, corporations, foundations, and international organizations. Critical analysis of aid organizations, especially regarding ways in which they reflect and create power and privilege, the manner in which individuals' needs and desires interact with, support, or challenge the needs of the organization, and how all of this is influenced by forces outside the boundary of the organization. Students increase analytical capabilities in understanding international aid organizations in the context of multiple (and often contested) perspectives on global development and stakeholder demands. Class time involves class discussions, mini-lectures, simulations, and case analyses. Main graded work is a research prospectus or longer research paper.

PA 8461 - Global and U.S. Perspectives on Health and Mortality

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall

The health of populations in developing and developed countries is very different. Within countries, great health disparities exist between more advantaged and more disadvantaged populations. When crafting policies that aim to improve population health, it is crucial to know how to measure health and how to think about the health needs of the specific population in question. This course will provide an overview to the factors driving health, mortality, and aging across different populations. In addition, students will learn the best sources of data and measures to use to describe the health status of a population. They will also be able to assess policy options that address the health of their population.

PA 5145 - Civic Participation in Public Affairs

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Critique/learn various approaches to civic participation in defining/addressing public issues. Readings, cases, classroom discussion, facilitating/experiencing engagement techniques. Examine work of practitioner, design engagement process.

PA 5251 - Strategic Planning and Management

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	OPT No Aud
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall

Theory and practice of strategic planning and management for public and nonprofit organizations and networks. Strategic planning process, management systems; stakeholder analyses. Tools and techniques such as purpose expansions, SWOT analyses, oval mapping, portfolio analyses, and logic models.

PA 5261 - Housing Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	Hsg 5463/PA 5261
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Institutional/environmental setting for housing policy in the United States. Competing views of solving housing problems through public intervention in the market. Federal/local public sector responses to housing problems. prereq: Grad or instr consent

PA 5281 - Immigrants, Urban Planning and Policymaking in the U.S.

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Spring Odd Year

This course examines the impact of contemporary immigration in the U.S. on urban planning and public affairs. Through a review of canonical scholarship and contemporary research, it engages several issues including migration theory, an exploration of immigrant settlement patterns, labor market outcomes for immigrants, and community development in immigrant communities. The course concludes with a focus on how urban planners and public policy makers can work more effectively with immigrants in the U.S.

PA 5401 - Poverty, Inequality, and Public Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Nature/extent of poverty/inequality in the United States, causes/consequences, impact of government programs/policies. Extent/causes of poverty/inequality in other developed/developing countries. prereq: Grad or instr consent

PA 5421 - Racial Inequality and Public Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	OPT No Aud
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Historical roots of racial inequality in American society. Contemporary economic consequences. Public policy responses to racial inequality. Emphasizes thinking/analysis that is critical of strategies offered for reducing racism and racial economic inequality. prereq: Grad or instr consent

PA 5422 - Diversity and Public Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

What is diversity? What role does it play in public policy? What role should it play? Whom does diversity include or exclude? In this highly participatory class, we will apply a policy analysis lens to explore how diversity interacts with, contributes to, and is impacted by policy. The interdisciplinary course readings draw from topics such as gender identity, intersectionality, socio-economic class, race and ethnicity, indigenous ways of knowing, sexual orientation, and disability. Students examine the evolution of difference and diversity, explore various domains of diversity (gender, race, ethnicity, sexuality, disability, class), and synthesize and apply this knowledge to the development of a policy brief that focuses on a particular policy or organizational problem.

PA 5490 - Topics in Social Policy

Credits:	1.0 -4.0 [max 12.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Selected topics.

PA 5801 - Global Public Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Spring

This course explores the emergence and evolution of rules, norms, and institutions that constitute international relations. It will focus, in particular, on those related to questions of war, peace, and governance. For students with an interest in international security, foreign military intervention, democracy and governance promotion, and the political economy of aid.

PA 5826 - National Security Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	PA 5826/PA 8821
Typically offered:	Every Fall

This course will analyze U.S. national security policy and process from the viewpoint of the National Security Council staff. Students will examine the organization and structure of the U.S. national security apparatus and the national security decision-making process, including individual and political factors; assess central threats to U.S. and international security and develop and discuss policy options to deal with those threats; undertake a major policy review on a specific national security challenge facing the United States, including analysis and recommendations; produce products, both written and oral, crucial to national security policy making (e.g., concise information and action memorandum), and put themselves in the position of national security leaders as part of a policy simulation. Grades will be based on oral participation, papers, and class reports.

PA 5885 - Human Rights Policy: Issues and Actors

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Politics of human rights issue emergence; relevant international, regional, and domestic norms; correlates of state repression; measurement of human rights abuse and remedies; human rights promotion by states, political parties, international organizations, NGOs, social movements, faith-based organizations, and providers of international development assistance.

PA 5890 - Topics in Foreign Policy and International Affairs

Credits:	0.5 -5.0 [max 15.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Selected topics.

PA 5962 - State Governing and Legislating: Working the Process

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Spring

The Minnesota Capitol and rules and reality of state governance and legislating. Classroom discussions, high-profile guest speakers (including legislators, lobbyists and potentially the governor), and an extensive State Capitol practicum to explore state politics and policies.

PA 5990 - Topics: Public Affairs - General Topics

Credits:	0.0 -3.0 [max 18.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

General topics in public policy.

PA 8890 - Advanced Topics in Foreign Policy and International Affairs

Credits:	1.0 -3.0 [max 6.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Selected topics.

PA 5003 - Introduction to Financial Analysis and Management

Credits:	1.5 [max 1.5]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall, Spring & Summer

Finance/accounting concepts/tools in public/nonprofit organizations. Fund accounting. Balance sheet/income statement analysis. Cash flow analysis. Public/nonprofit sector budgeting processes. Lectures, discussions. Cases. prereq: Public policy major/minor or major in development practice, public affairs or liberal studies or grad nonprofit mgmt cert or instr consent

PA 5011 - Dynamics of Public Affairs Organizations

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall & Spring

Critical analysis of organizations in the world of public affairs from multiple levels - including the individual, group, organization, and sector - and the dynamics of relationships among them. Develop actionable recommendations to improve organizational effectiveness in the context of multiple (often contested) prosocial purposes and conflicting stakeholder demands. Memo writing, case analyses, simulations, guest speakers, and self-awareness exercises

PA 5051 - Leadership Foundations

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Leadership concepts, tools, and strategies in a personal, community, and organizational context for mid-career students. Prereq: Master in Public Affairs student(cohort program) or public affairs leadership certificate student (cohort program).�5051-5052 must be taken in same academic yr

PA 5052 - Public Affairs Leadership

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Continues 5051. Leadership concepts, tools, and strategies in diverse settings for mid-career students. Prereq: Master in Public Affairs student(cohort program) or public affairs leadership certificate student (cohort program).�5051-5052 must be taken in same academic yr

PA 5053 - Policy Analysis in Public Affairs

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Process of public policy and program analysis, including problem formulation, program design, and implementation. Opportunity to draw upon published research and conduct field-based research to understand implementation conditions. Professional communications, including writing of memos, requests for proposals, and implementation briefs, are stressed. Prereq: Master in Public Affairs student (cohort program) or public affairs leadership certificate student (cohort program).�5053-5054 must be taken in same academic yr

PA 5054 - Program Design and Implementation Analysis

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Continues 5053. Process of public policy and program analysis, including problem formulation, program design, and implementation. Opportunity to draw upon published research and conduct field-based research to understand implementation conditions. Professional communications, including writing of memos, requests for proposals, and implementation briefs, are stressed. Prereq: Master in Public Affairs student (cohort program) or public affairs leadership certificate student (cohort program).�5053-5054 must be taken in same academic yr

PA 5055 - Qualitative Research Methods and Analysis

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Problem-based learning of analytical reasoning through social science research methods. Systematic review and literature review. Qualitative research including interviews, focus groups, and analysis. Research proposal. prereq: Major in public affairs (cohort) or public affairs certificate (cohort); 5055-5056 must be taken in same academic yr

PA 5056 - Quantitative Research Methods and Analysis

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Problem-based learning to analytical reasoning through social science research methods. Frequency distributions, descriptive statistics, elementary probability, statistical inference. Hypothesis testing. Cross-tabulation, analysis of variance, correlation. Simple regression analysis. prereq: Master in Public Affairs student (cohort program) or public affairs leadership certificate student (cohort program).�5055-5056 must be taken in same academic yr

PA 5101 - Management and Governance of Nonprofit Organizations

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Theories, concepts, and real world examples of managerial challenges. Governance systems, strategic management practices, effect of funding environments, management of multiple constituencies. Types of nonprofits using economic/behavioral approaches. prereq: Grad student or instr consent

PA 5103 - Leadership and Change

Credits:	1.5 -3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Spring

Models of change/leadership. How leaders can promote personal, organizational, and societal change. Case studies, action research. Framework for leadership and change.

PA 5104 - Human Resource Management for Public and Nonprofit Organizations

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Theory/practice of developing, utilizing, and aligning human resources to improve culture/outcomes of nonprofit/public organizations. HR strategy, individual diversity, leadership, selection, training, compensation, classification, performance appraisal, future HR practices.

PA 5105 - Integrative Leadership: Leading Across Sectors to Address Grand Challenges

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	Law 6623/Mgmt 6402/OLPD 6402/P
Grading Basis:	OPT No Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Are you interested in working across government, business, and the non-profit sector for public good? Are you wondering how you can create sustainable shared leadership on challenges that can best be addressed together? This course explores multi-sector leadership and related governance and management challenges from a variety of perspectives and provides an opportunity for students to work together to apply what they are learning individually and in teams through in-class exercises and a final team project. The course is taught by a team of interdisciplinary faculty and considers different contexts, forms, and specific examples of multisector leadership that can enable transformative action to tackle a significant societal issue and achieve lasting change. Credit will be not be granted if credit has been received for GCC 5023, OLPD 6402, PUBH 6702, MGMT 6402, PA 5130, LAW 6623.

PA 5108 - Board leadership development

Credits:	1.0 [max 1.0]
Grading Basis:	S-N only
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Nonprofit board governance. Governance models, roles/responsibilities, ethics/dynamics. Current research/concepts along with students' current board experiences to illuminate challenges/explore solutions that build board leadership competencies. prereq: Grad student or instr consent

PA 5113 - State and Local Public Finance

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Theory/practice of financing. Providing public services at state/local level of government. Emphasizes integrating theory/practice, applying materials to specific policy areas, and documenting wide range of institutional arrangements across/within the 50 states.

PA 5114 - Budget Analysis in Public and Nonprofit Orgs

Credits:	1.5 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	PA 5111/PA 5114
Prerequisites:	PA 5003
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Techniques, terminology, concepts and skills for developing and analyzing operating and capital budgets in public and nonprofit organizations. Budget analysis using case studies, problem sets, and spreadsheets. Time value of money, cost-benefit analysis, break-even analysis, sensitivity analysis, and fiscal analysis. prereq: PA 5003

PA 5116 - Financing Public and Nonprofit Organizations

Credits:	1.5 [max 1.5]
Prerequisites:	PA 5003; credit will not be granted if credit already received for: PA 5111
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Financial resource management for public and nonprofit organizations. Short-term and long-term debt management, retirement financing, and endowment investing. Conceptual frameworks and analytical techniques applied to real-world problems. Financial management in context of national and regional economies. prereq: PA 5003; credit will not be granted if credit already received for: PA 5111

PA 5122 - Law and Public Affairs

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Law and public policy in the United States are in a dialogue with each other. This dynamic is reflected in the differing roles of legislatures and courts, as well as the other institutions (for example, executive agencies that adopt regulations) involved in making law and policy. This course aims to give students an understanding of how law and policy interact in the American context using historical materials and examples from other countries to provide a broader perspective on how the interaction works today. Our exploration will necessarily involve the critical role of the United States Constitution and state constitutions in establishing the parameters for both law and policy. We will also examine particular instances of policy and law interactions on topics such as abortion, civil rights, criminal justice, elections, education and speech. Readings will include judicial opinions, legislation examples, policy and legal articles and other materials. Class time will include guest speakers from the disciplines of law, politics and public affairs, discussion in small and large groups and only an occasional short lecture. Grades will be based on written student reflections on the readings, 2-3 short papers exploring how law and policy apply to particular topics, and a longer research paper that examines the interaction of law and policy on a topic important to the student. Instructors have been legal, political and policy practitioners. Some have served in the state legislature.

PA 5123 - Philanthropy in America: History, Practice, and Trends

Credits:	1.5 -3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Theory/practice of philanthropy. Foundation/corporate/ individual giving. History/economic structure/dynamics. Models of philanthropy, components of grant making/seeking. Current debates, career options.

PA 5135 - Managing Conflict: Negotiation

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Fall

This course teaches the theory and the practice of negotiation strategies with an emphasis on applied, personal skill building constructed on a foundation of research and practice in the field. Students will apply their negotiation skills across interpersonal, public dispute, government, and private sector settings. The course focuses on developing students? personal theory of practice for decision-making, effective communication and impactful leadership through practice of distributive bargaining, value creation, consensus building, facilitation, and mediation exercises and discussions.

PA 5136 - Group Process Facilitation for Organizational and Public/Community Engagement

Credits:	1.0 [max 1.0]
Grading Basis:	OPT No Aud
Typically offered:	Periodic Spring & Summer

Group process facilitation components, theories, tools, techniques. Facilitator�s role in group goals and processes. Facilitation in public policy. Cross-cultural challenges. Topics may include meeting management, group decision-making, conflict, participatory leadership, and other tools.

PA 5137 - Project Management in the Public Arena

Credits:	1.5 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	OPT No Aud
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Project management and leadership strategies for implementing public policy, including new or revised government programs, public works, and regulations. Use of project management concepts, principles, and tools, including project definition, scoping, planning, scheduling (using the critical path method), budgeting, monitoring, staffing, and managing project teams. Application of "agile" and "extreme" project management in situations of complexity and uncertainty, including those due to the scrutiny and expectations of elected officials, the media, citizens, and other stakeholders.

PA 5144 - Social Entrepreneurship

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Introduction to field of social entrepreneurship. Prepares current/future managers/leaders to create, develop, lead socially entrepreneurial organizations/initiatives. prereq: Grad student or instr consent

PA 5145 - Civic Participation in Public Affairs

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Critique/learn various approaches to civic participation in defining/addressing public issues. Readings, cases, classroom discussion, facilitating/experiencing engagement techniques. Examine work of practitioner, design engagement process.

PA 5151 - Organizational Perspectives on Global Development & Humanitarian Assistance

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Organizational analysis of international development and humanitarian assistance, including perspectives from sociology, political science, psychology, public administration, and management. Examines efforts of multiple organizational players, including NGOs, governments, bi-lateral and multi-lateral organizations, corporations, foundations, and international organizations. Critical analysis of aid organizations, especially regarding ways in which they reflect and create power and privilege, the manner in which individuals� needs and desires interact with, support, or challenge the needs of the organization, and how all of this is influenced by forces outside the boundary of the organization. Students practice developing actionable recommendations to improve the effectiveness of international aid organizations in the context of multiple (and often contested) understandings of global development needs and conflicting stakeholder demands. Readings, class discussions, mini-lectures, simulations, case analyses, group projects, oral presentations, memo writing, opinion writing.

PA 5161 - Redesigning Human Services

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall

This course provides an in-depth examination of the history and institutions delivering human services in the United States, with an emphasis on how human-centered design can help improve service provision and outcomes. It explores how public, nonprofit, and philanthropic structures create unique operational realities and cultures that must be navigated to lead change across institutional boundaries. It also systematically investigates contributors to disparities in the human services system, particularly race. The use of frameworks such as human-centered design, human services value curve, and an equity lens will help us on this exploration. Course learning materials take students through a design process to highlight strategies for systems change and improvement grounded in outcomes. Design processes are iterative and involve understanding and engaging the people and context in problem solving. Through project-based learning approach, students will understand the various constraints that need to be navigated in design: feasibility, viability, and desirability. Students gain experience using design to help appreciate these constraints and develop strategies for overcoming them.

PA 5162 - Public Service Redesign Workshop

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Public service delivery innovation and redesign in health and human services fields to improve outcomes. Study and application of theories of organizational development, leadership, and system change. Social system dynamics analysis. Engaging diverse stakeholders. Effects and influence of implicit bias on current and redesigned efforts. Models and tools for public service redesign.

PA 5190 - Topics in Public and Nonprofit Leadership and Management

Credits:	1.0 -3.0 [max 9.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Selected topics.

PA 5251 - Strategic Planning and Management

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	OPT No Aud
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall

Theory and practice of strategic planning and management for public and nonprofit organizations and networks. Strategic planning process, management systems; stakeholder analyses. Tools and techniques such as purpose expansions, SWOT analyses, oval mapping, portfolio analyses, and logic models.

PA 5311 - Program Evaluation

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

This course covers the core principals, methods, and implementation of evaluation research. Students will learn through an applied partnership with a nonprofit or state/local government clients. The course is designed for both students interested in a potential career in evaluation and those that want to be better consumers of research. Past programmatic/policy areas included health and human services, education, environment science, economic development, transportation, and evidence-based policymaking.

PA 5405 - Public Policy Implementation

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Theory, tools, and practice of the implementation of public policy, particularly in areas involving public, private, and nonprofit organizations. Analytical approach focuses on multiple levels in policy fields to pinpoint and assess implementation challenges and levers for improvement.

PA 5622 - GAINS: Gender and Intersectional Network Series, Leadership Workshop I

Credits:	0.5 -1.0 [max 1.0]
Grading Basis:	S-N only
Typically offered:	Fall Odd Year

GAINS: Gender and Intersectional Network Series, Leadership Workshop prepares students with the skills to lead effectively and challenge institutional norms and practices that perpetuate disparities based on gender, race and other structural inequalities. Women, racially marginalized individuals, and LGBTI-identified individuals are still disproportionately underrepresented in leadership roles in public, private, and nonprofit institutions in spite of high rates of educational attainment and equal opportunity legislation. Women of color and indigenous women face even greater obstacles to advancement compared to white women. Barriers to diverse leadership today stem less from overt discrimination and more from �second generation� forms of bias � often invisible but still powerful cultural beliefs as well as workplace structures and practices. Achieving leadership parity thus entails individual, collective and institutional change. Course pedagogy includes case studies, group discussions, self-reflection and simulations that have been proven to have a lasting impact on individual leaders in developing their own leadership capacity. Guest speakers offer potential role models and share their leadership perspectives. The workshop and two-semester format of the course allows students to benefit from a cohort model of learning and develop their own network of practice. Moreover, GAINS focuses not just on individual leadership development, but also organizational and systems level change. Students of all genders interested in addressing personal and institutional barriers to advancement that are rooted in gender inequalities and their intersections with race and other forms of inequality are welcome to enroll. To get the most out of the network and cohort development aspects of this course, students are encouraged to participate for two semesters.

PA 5920 - Skills Workshop

Credits:	0.5 -4.0 [max 48.0]
Typically offered:	Every Fall & Spring

Topics on public policy or planning skills. Topics specified in Class Schedule.

PA 5927 - Effective Grantwriting for Nonprofit Organizations

Credits:	1.5 [max 1.5]
Grading Basis:	OPT No Aud
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Grantwriting skills, processes, problem,s and resources for nonprofit organizations. Researching and seeking grants. Communication with potential funders and generating financial support. Collaborating effectively with the organization and clients to create substantive, fundable proposals.

PA 5963 - Tribal-State Relations Workshop

Credits:	0.5 [max 0.5]
Grading Basis:	S-N only
Typically offered:	Every Fall

The State of Minnesota occupies and shares geography with many sovereign Indian nations. Tribal jurisdiction impacts thousands of acres of land in Minnesota both within and beyond reservation boundaries, and tribes are among the top 20 employers in the state. While tribes share prominent nation-to-nation diplomatic relationships with the U.S. federal government, tribal relationships with state agencies are increasingly significant. Since the administration of Governor Jesse Ventura, each Minnesota governor has implemented an executive order focused on state relations with Indian nations. In 2021, the body of policy associated with those executive orders was passed into law and codified in a state statute providing a considerable mandate for state agencies to develop and implement tribal consultation policies and to build associated partnerships. This class introduces participants to the legal and policy contexts in which contemporary tribal-state relations occur. We will explore the shifting history of federal Indian policy, the often-contentious past of tribal-state interactions, current emphases on building government-to-government relationships, and potential future trends. Participants will engage with elected tribal leaders and with the Tribal-State Relations Training program delivered to state employees through a partnership between the Minnesota Indian Affairs Council, MnDOT, and the University of Minnesota Duluth Tribal Sovereignty Institute. Students will consider how their own civic and professional trajectories may connect to Indian nations, and collaboratively draw conceptual and practical links between tribal affairs and other areas of study.

PA 8991 - Independent Study

Credits:	0.5 -4.0 [max 6.0]
Typically offered:	Every Fall, Spring & Summer

Independent study. Limit of 6 credits applied toward a Humphrey School of Public Affairs degree or post-baccalaureate certificate program.

PA 5711 - Science, Technology & Environmental Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Interplay of science, technology, the environment, and society. Approaches from across the social sciences will cover how science and technology can create new environmental pressures as well as policy challenges in a range of spheres from climate change to systems of intellectual property and international development.

PA 5715 - Deliberating Science, Technology, and Environmental Policy

Credits:	1.5 [max 6.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Exploration of the conceptual and ethical dimensions of science, technology, and environmental policy. Discussion-based course with rotating topics.

PA 5243 - Environmental Justice in Urban Planning & Public Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Environmental racism can be defined as policies and practices that result in communities of Black, Indigenous and other people of color (BIPoC communities) being overexposed to environmental harms and being denied access to environmental goods. The environmental justice (EJ) movement in the United States was birthed in the 1980s with the aim of ending environmental racism. Early EJ activism was led by Black rural communities protesting the disproportionate presence of toxic waste facilities in their neighborhoods and Latinx migrant farmworkers who were overexposed to harmful pesticides. Central to the course is the understanding that structural racism, in the form of social, political, and economic forces, has denied BIPoC individuals and communities their rights to live in clean environments and access natural resources that allow communities to build and maintain their physical, mental, emotion, and fiscal health. Although the course focuses on race and racism, it takes as axiomatic that racism is intertwined with other systems of oppression including, but not limited to, sexism, classism, ableism, homophobia, and transphobia. The course begins by tracing the history of the EJ movement and unpacking the terms ?racism? and ?justice.? The main body of the course will focus on a series of issues that EJ scholars and activists address including pollution, greening, transportation, disasters, and climate change. The course ends with discussions and reflections on our roles, responsibilities and possibilities as public policy and planning scholars, researchers and practitioners to work towards ending environmental racism and achieving EJ for all. The required ?readings? for the course will include academic journal articles, news stories, governmental policies, podcasts, videos, poetry, and short stories. This will allow us to understand the theoretical and methodological approaches to EJ activism and research and explore popular and creative forms of knowledge about EJ which will add depth to our understanding and analysis of relevant plans and policies. Our time together in the classroom will primarily be a mix of lectures, group discussions, in-class exercises, and occasionally guest speakers. While we will reflect on some international issues and materials, we will largely focus on EJ in the United States.

PA 5721 - Energy Systems and Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Impact of energy production/consumption choices on environmental quality, sustainable development, and other economic/social goals. Emphasizes public policy choices for energy/environment, linkages between them.

PA 5722 - Economics of Environmental Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Introduction to economic principles and methods as they apply to environmental issues such as climate change, biodiversity conservation, and water quality. Course will cover benefit-cost analysis, methods of environmental valuation, as well as critiques of market-based solutions to environmental challenges.

PA 5723 - Water Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	PA 5723/WRS 5101
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Socio-cultural, legal, and economic forces that affect water resource use. Water quality, Clean Water Act contrasted with international laws, roles of State and Local agencies. Water supply, drought, flooding, drainage, irrigation, storage. Sulfide mining, Line 3, hypoxia, wildfire, climate, snowpack, extreme events, China south-to-north transfer, CEC?s, AIS, Aral Sea, CAFOs, and more.

PA 5724 - Climate Change Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Existing and proposed approaches to mitigate and adapt to climate change through policies that cross scales of governance (from local to global) and impact a wide range of sectors. Exploration of climate change policy from a variety of disciplinary approaches and perspectives, emphasizing economic logic, ethical principles, and institutional feasibility. How policy can be shaped in the face of a variety of competing interests to achieve commonly desired outcomes. Students develop a deep knowledge of climate change in particular countries through a team final project. prereq: Intro microecon (such as Econ 1101 or equiv)

PA 5731 - Emerging Sciences and Technologies: Policy, Ethics and Law

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

This interdisciplinary course will examine issues at the nexus of public policy, ethics, law, and emerging sciences and technologies (ES&T) including nanotechnology, genetic and biomedical engineering, synthetic biology, and artificial intelligence. Topics we will explore include the role of science and technology as both a tool for and the subject of policy and law; the policy, ethical, economic, and legal implications of ES&T research and development; environmental and human health risk analysis and regulation (e.g., EPA, FDA, OSHA, and state and local regulatory mechanisms); intellectual property issues; liability issues; and global impacts. Topics will be approached from the perspective of different stakeholders (e.g., federal agencies, industry, academic researchers, the environment, international organizations, and the public) and in the context of different application areas (e.g., drugs, devices, food, agriculture, energy, environmental remediation) using a variety of interdisciplinary approaches. Students with a broad range of interests are encouraged to enroll.

PA 5751 - Addressing Climate and Energy Challenges at the Local Scale

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Examine energy and climate innovations at local and community scales. Understand how to implement local policies, projects, and programs with a diverse set of perspectives on energy issues. Develop professional and analytical skills that support solutions to energy and climate challenges.

PA 5761 - Environmental Systems Analysis at the Food-Energy-Water Nexus

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Agricultural lands, water resources, and energy production and transport are interconnected systems with implications for policy and management at local to global scales. This course will explore contemporary issues at the nexus of food, energy, and water with a focus on Midwestern landscapes. Specific topics include farm policy, permitting of pipelines and energy production, mitigation of air and water pollution, and strategies to incentivize the conservation and restoration of landscapes. Students will develop professional skills in systems thinking, scenario analysis, science communication, facilitation, and collective leadership.

PA 5771 - Change Leadership for Environmental, Social and Governance Action

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	OPT No Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Sustainability is increasingly being defined broadly to include the environmental, social and governance (ESG) actions, and effects of organizations. ESG concepts integrate environmental sustainability with diversity, equity, and inclusion. Individuals working within organizations or seeking to join those organizations have expressed desires to affect the actions of an organization. This course aims to give students hands-on experience with a project investigating, designing, advocating for and implementing an ESG improvement in an existing or new organization. We imagine students in this course as future intrapreneurs (an employee of an organization who creates new opportunities or products in the style of an entrepreneur) transforming practices in existing organizations or as entrepreneurs seeking to create new sustainable organizations, or both. Non-degree-seeking students possessing a bachelor's degree are encouraged to contact the instructor for permission to register.

PA 5261 - Housing Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	Hsg 5463/PA 5261
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Institutional/environmental setting for housing policy in the United States. Competing views of solving housing problems through public intervention in the market. Federal/local public sector responses to housing problems. prereq: Grad or instr consent

PA 5301 - Population Methods & Issues for the United States & Global South

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	PA 5301/Soc 5511
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Basic demographic measures/methodology. Demographic transition, mortality, fertility. Perspectives on nonmarital fertility, marriage, divorce, cohabitation. Cultural differences in family structure, aging, migration, refugee movements, population policies. Discussion of readings. prereq: Grad student or instr consent

PA 5401 - Poverty, Inequality, and Public Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Nature/extent of poverty/inequality in the United States, causes/consequences, impact of government programs/policies. Extent/causes of poverty/inequality in other developed/developing countries. prereq: Grad or instr consent

PA 5405 - Public Policy Implementation

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Theory, tools, and practice of the implementation of public policy, particularly in areas involving public, private, and nonprofit organizations. Analytical approach focuses on multiple levels in policy fields to pinpoint and assess implementation challenges and levers for improvement.

PA 5413 - Early Childhood and Public Policy

Credits:	1.5 -3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	CPsy 5413/PA 5413
Typically offered:	Fall Odd Year

State/federal/int'l policies/legislation touching first 5 years of child's life. Family, community, institutional roles in promoting children's social/cognitive/emotional development. Health, mental health, poverty, special needs, economic/social justice. Part of Early Childhood Pol cert. prereq: Grad or instr consent

PA 5415 - Effective Policies for Children in the First Decade

Credits:	1.5 -3.0 [max 6.0]
Grading Basis:	OPT No Aud
Typically offered:	Periodic Spring

Policies to improve the wellbeing of children through the first decade of life are examined using examples from economics and other disciplines. The course focuses on the role of government in helping to promote early childhood development. Readings and projects focus on policies or programs that affect child outcomes from the prenatal period to third grade. Students will become familiar with the importance of rigorous impact evaluations and the use of cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit analysis as a tool for efficient resource allocation. Some familiarity with regression analysis would be helpful.

PA 5421 - Racial Inequality and Public Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	OPT No Aud
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Historical roots of racial inequality in American society. Contemporary economic consequences. Public policy responses to racial inequality. Emphasizes thinking/analysis that is critical of strategies offered for reducing racism and racial economic inequality. prereq: Grad or instr consent

PA 5422 - Diversity and Public Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

What is diversity? What role does it play in public policy? What role should it play? Whom does diversity include or exclude? In this highly participatory class, we will apply a policy analysis lens to explore how diversity interacts with, contributes to, and is impacted by policy. The interdisciplinary course readings draw from topics such as gender identity, intersectionality, socio-economic class, race and ethnicity, indigenous ways of knowing, sexual orientation, and disability. Students examine the evolution of difference and diversity, explore various domains of diversity (gender, race, ethnicity, sexuality, disability, class), and synthesize and apply this knowledge to the development of a policy brief that focuses on a particular policy or organizational problem.

PA 5431 - Public Policies on Work and Pay

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	HRIR 5655/PA 5431
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Public policies affecting employment, hours of work, and institutions in labor markets. Public programs impacting wages, unemployment, training, collective bargaining, job security, and workplace governance. Policy implications of the changing nature of work. prereq: [[PA 5031 or equiv], grad student] or instr consent

PA 5490 - Topics in Social Policy

Credits:	1.0 -4.0 [max 12.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Selected topics.

PA 5501 - Theories and Policies of Development

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Fall

What makes some countries wealthier than others, one group of people healthier and more educated than another? How does the behavior of rich nations affect poor nations? Origins of development thought, contemporary frameworks and policy debates. Economic, human, and sustainable development. prereq: Grad student or instr consent

PA 5522 - International Development Policy, Families, and Health

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall

Implications of paid/unpaid labor for development policy, using household as prism. Legal/cultural use of property rights. Financial effects of ill health. Caregiving. Work-family conflict, policies that alleviate it. Role of gender. Qualitativequantitative methods. Readings, lectures, discussions. prereq: Grad student or instr consent

PA 5561 - Gender and International Development

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Spring

Women and men are affected differently by development and participate differently in policy formulation and implementation. Gender-sensitive perspective. Historical, political context. Global South. Policy, practice, and experience (theory and measurement; international, national, local stakeholders; effects of policy and practice on development). prereq: Grad or instr consent

PA 5601 - Global Survey of Gender and Public Policy

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall

Introduction to the key concepts and tools necessary for gender policy analysis. Survey of the major findings in the field of gender and public policy in policy areas such as poverty alleviation, health, international security, environment and work-family reconciliation. Scope includes local, national, and global policy arenas as well as exploration of gender and the politics of policy formulation.

PA 5690 - Topics in Women, Gender and Public Policy

Credits:	0.5 -3.0 [max 9.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Selected topics. prereq: Grad student or instr consent

PA 8312 - Analysis of Discrimination

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Policy analysis/other applied social sciences as tools for measuring/detecting discrimination in market/nonmarket contexts. Application of modern tools of labor econometrics/race relations research to specific problems of market/nonmarket discrimination.

PA 8461 - Global and U.S. Perspectives on Health and Mortality

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall

The health of populations in developing and developed countries is very different. Within countries, great health disparities exist between more advantaged and more disadvantaged populations. When crafting policies that aim to improve population health, it is crucial to know how to measure health and how to think about the health needs of the specific population in question. This course will provide an overview to the factors driving health, mortality, and aging across different populations. In addition, students will learn the best sources of data and measures to use to describe the health status of a population. They will also be able to assess policy options that address the health of their population.

University Catalogs

Public Policy M.P.P.