Program Details : University Catalogs : University of Minnesota

EES 1110 - Geology and Earth Systems (LE CAT, NAT SCI, SUSTAIN)

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Course Equivalencies:	EES 1110 FST 1409
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall & Spring

Earth systems science is an interdisciplinary approach to understanding the processes operating within and the interactions between the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. In this course we investigate the changing nature of the Earth; its composition, architecture, and antiquity; the internal and external processes that shape it through time; cycles of energy and matter; the development of life and impact of human activity; and both local environmental issues and global change. For students using a 2012-2021 LEP catalog year, the GEOL subject is now EES. If you took GEOL 1610, EES 1110 will not fulfill the requirement of a different subject. Credit will not be granted if already received for GEOL 1110

EES 3201 - Environmental Resources and Remediation

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall

This course ties together environmental science, geology, and environmental remediation technologies by examining consumption, extraction, processing, and disposal of environmental resources (mineral and non-mineral), environmental impacts from extraction to disposal, and environmental remediation technologies. Additional topics include the environmental footprint of resource mining, economic drivers, and the impact of technological and societal development. prereq: MATH 1290 or 1296 or instructor consent; credit will not be granted if already received for ESCI 3201

EES 3202 - Energy Resources

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Geologic principles of carbon-based energy resources, with emphasis on coal and conventional and unconventional (e.g. shale oil, oil-sands, ultra-heavy crude oil) petroleum and gas; fundamentals of nuclear energy; introduction to technologies associated with the extraction, production, refinement, consumption, and byproduct treatment/disposal of carbon-based and nuclear-energy resources; importance of carbon-based energy in global industrialization and associated population growth; limits of population growth imposed by energy requirements; principles and associated technologies of renewable energy and energy conversion, with focus on solar (direct and indirect), geothermal, tidal, and biofuel energy resources. prereq: MATH 1290 or 1296 or 1596 and PHYS 1001 or 2013 or 2017 or instructor consent; credit will not be granted if already received for ESCI 3202

CHEM 1153 - General Chemistry I (LE CAT, NAT SCI)

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Course Equivalencies:	CHEM 1173/CHEM 1153/CHEM 1161
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall, Spring & Summer

Fundamental principles of chemistry exemplified by study of elements, compounds, and their reactions. Covers fundamental concepts of the atom, molecule, stoichiometry, chemical reactions, thermochemistry, gas laws, atomic structure, periodic table, chemical bonding, and other selected topics. The companion laboratory, CHEM 1154, should be taken concurrently. The combination of CHEM 1153 and CHEM 1154 meets the lab component of NAT SCI, LE CAT 4. prereq: One year high school chem, Math ACT 24 or higher or a grade of least C- in Math 1005, Credit will not be granted if already received for 1151 or 1161 or 1173. Fall semester, SCSE majors only.

CHEM 1154 - General Chemistry Lab I (LE CAT, NAT SCI)

Credits:	1.0 [max 1.0]
Course Equivalencies:	CHEM 1174/CHEM 1154
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall, Spring & Summer

Basic laboratory skills while investigating the fundamental principles of chemistry. Covers fundamental concepts of the atom and molecule, stoichiometry, acid-base reactions, oxidation-reduction reactions, thermochemistry, characteristic properties of anions, gas laws and spectrophotometry. This laboratory accompanies lecture CHEM 1153. The combination of CHEM 1153 and CHEM 1154 meets liberal education category 4 requirements. prereq: Previous or concurrent enrollment in CHEM 1153 or 1173; credit will not be granted if already received for CHEM 1151, 1161 or 1174.

CHEM 1155 - General Chemistry II

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Course Equivalencies:	CHEM 1175/CHEM 1155/CHEM 1162
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall, Spring & Summer

Fundamental principles of chemistry exemplified by study of elements, compounds, and their reactions. Covers intermolecular forces, properties of liquids, solids and solution, chemical kinetics, chemical equilibrium, acids and bases, solubility, thermodynamics, electrochemistry, nuclear chemistry, and other selected topics. Solid knowledge of college algebra and General Chemistry I is required. The companion laboratory course CHEM 1156 should be taken concurrently. prereq: 1151 or 1153 or 1161 or 1173; credit will not be granted if already received for 1152, 1162 or 1175.

CHEM 1156 - General Chemistry Lab II

Credits:	1.0 [max 1.0]
Course Equivalencies:	CHEM 1176/CHEM 1156
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall, Spring & Summer

Fundamental principles of chemistry exemplified by laboratory study of elements, compounds, and their reactions. Covers titration, intermolecular forces, colligative properties, kinetics, chemical equilibria, and qualitative analysis. This laboratory accompanies lecture CHEM 1155. prereq: 1151 or 1161 or 1154 or 1174, concurrent or previous enrollment in CHEM 1155; credit will not be granted if already received for Chem 1152, 1162 or 1176.

BIOL 3760 - Marine Biology

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Spring Even Year

A multidisciplinary approach will be used to explore the diverse ecosystems of the marine realm. Emphasis will be on the ecological and physiological adaptations that have allowed animals to colonize habitats ranging from the intertidal zone to the abyss. prereq: 1011, 1012

BIOL 3761 - Field Studies in Marine Biology

Credits:	4.0 [max 8.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Periodic Summer

Introduction to the marine environment by visiting either US i.e. Friday Harbor, WAS or MBL, Woods Hole, MA) or International (i.e. Leigh, New Zealand) marine lab and conducting both laboratory and field research. Topics include ecology, animal physiology, animal behavior, ichthyology and fisheries biology. Lectures will precede daily field trips where students will make in situ measurements and/or bring specimens back to the laboratory for study. prereq: 1011 or instructor consent; Course may only be repeated if location is different.

BIOL 3835 - Freshwater Ecology

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Spring Even Year

Exploration of freshwater habitats and their biological diversity with emphasis on how human behavior is affecting those habitats and biodiversity. prereq: 2801 or concurrent

BIOL 4839 - Coral Reef Field Studies (GLOBAL PER)

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	BIOL 4839/EES 4839/FST 4839
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Periodic Spring

Field study on San Salvador, Bahamas focusing on the biological and geological studies of the coral reef complex and associated habitats of the Caribbean. We will examine the ecology and taxonomy of associated biota as well as the physical, chemical and sedimentary processes in coral reef environments. prereq: BIOL 1011 and 1012 or GEOL or EES 1110 or IBS Grad student

BIOL 5801 - Microbial Ecology

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Periodic Spring

Microorganisms in natural environments: diversity, distribution, energetics, and growth of heterotrophic and autotrophic microbes in oxic and anoxic habitats. Roles of microbial populations and communities in biogeochemical cycling, ecosystem functioning, landscapes, and industrial, agricultural, and environmental applications. prereq: (2101 or 3100) and (2801 or 3502 or 4501), or WRS or IBS Grad student

BIOL 5805 - Fisheries Ecology and Management

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall & Spring

Lectures, readings and computer exercises relating to current issues in fisheries ecology. Computer exercises will emphasize techniques used by scientists working in the field and prepare the student for the use of quantitative research tools for independent research. Includes 2 one-hour lectures and 1 three-hour lab weekly. prereq: 2801, 2802, college-level course in statistics or WRS or IBS Grad student

BIOL 5807 - Mathematical Ecology

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Fall Odd Year

Development and use of mathematical models to describe ecological patterns and processes. prereq: (2801, (Math 1290 or Math 1297)) or WRS or IBS Grad student

BIOL 5833 - Stream Ecology

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Fall Even Year

Studies of stream communities and ecosystems as influenced by biological interactions and physical factors. Emphasis on North Shore streams. (2 hrs lect, 6 hrs lab and field) prereq: 2801 or WRS or IBS Grad student

BIOL 5861 - Lake Ecology

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Spring

This course offers a hands-on introduction to the ecology of lake ecosystems with a focus on lakes of the temperate and boreal regions, particularly Minnesota. We explore how factors including temperature, light, water chemistry, water motion, nutrients, and organisms interact in aquatic environments to determine the distribution, abundance, and behavior of aquatic biota. Laboratory exercises reinforce and expand on lecture materials and include the identification of fish, zooplankton, benthos, and phytoplankton as well as field excursions to area lakes. prereq: WRS or IBS Grad student

BIOL 5863 - Ecosystems Ecology

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	BIOL 5863/EES 5863
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Ecosystems ecology is the integrated study of the flows of materials and energy through ecosystems, which includes both the living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components. Biogeochemistry is a major subfield of ecosystems ecology, and deals with the cycling of nutrients through ecosystems. In this class, we will discuss the integration of ecosystmes and biogeochemistry in terrestrial environments, specifically focusing on how human activities influence ecological systems and vice versa. It is my hope that you walk away from this course with a better understanding of how large environmental issues such as climate change and invasive species affect ecological systems. pre-req: BIOL 2801, CHEM 1153 or CHEM 1173 or graduate student

BIOL 5865 - Conservation Biology

Credits:	2.0 [max 2.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Periodic Spring

Introduction to science of species, habitat, and ecosystem conservation and management. prereq: 2801 or IBS Grad student

BIOL 5870 - Wetland Ecology

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Fall Odd Year

Hydrology, nutrient cycling, and productivity of wetland ecosystems and the adaptations and interactions of resident biota; assessment, management, conservation, restoration, and creation of wetlands. Two daylong weekend field trips required. prereq: 2801, 2802 or WRS or IBS Grad student

CHE 2111 - Material and Energy Balances

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	CHE 2211/CHE 2111
Typically offered:	Every Fall & Spring

Elementary principles of chemical processes, emphasizing material and energy balances. prereq: Chem 1151 or 1161 or 1153 and 1154, Math 1296 or 1596 minimum grade of C

CHE 2121 - Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall & Spring

Application of thermodynamic principles to chemical engineering, emphasizing pressure-volume-temperature relationships, thermodynamic laws, thermochemistry, chemical equilibrium, and phase relationships. prereq: 2111 or 2211, (prereq or coreq Math 3280)

CHE 3111 - Fluid Mechanics

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	ChE 3111/ME 3111
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall & Spring

Mass and energy balances, Bernoulli's equation, momentum balance, laminar and turbulent flow, boundary layer theory, pumps, compressors, and turbines. prereq: BSChE cand, minimum grade of C+ in the following courses: CHE 2111 or 2211, Phys 2011 or 2013 and 2014, Math 3280, or instructor consent

CHEM 2541 - Organic Chemistry I

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall, Spring & Summer

Structure and bonding, stereochemistry, functional group reactions. prereq: 1152 or 1162 or 1155 and 1156 or 1175 and 1176; credit will not be granted if already received for 2521

CHEM 2542 - Organic Chemistry II

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall, Spring & Summer

Functional group reactions, bioorganic chemistry. prereq: 2521 or 2541; credit will not be granted if already received for 2522, 2532

CHEM 2543 - Organic Chemistry I Laboratory

Credits:	1.0 [max 1.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall, Spring & Summer

Laboratory companion to CHEM 2541. Structure and bonding, stereochemistry, functional group reactions. prereq: 1152 or 1162 or 1155 and 1156 or 1175 and 1176, must be taken after or concurrently with CHEM 2541; credit will not be granted if already received for 2521, CHE 3231, ENGR 2110

CHEM 2544 - Organic Chemistry II Laboratory

Credits:	1.0 [max 1.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall, Spring & Summer

Laboratory companion to Chem 2542, for non-chemistry majors. Functional group reactions, bioorganic chemistry. prereq: 2521 or (2541 and 2543), must be taken after or concurrently with CHEM 2542; credit will not be granted if already received for 2522, 2532, 2545

ECON 3721 - Natural Resource and Energy Economics

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall, Spring & Summer

Microeconomic analysis of natural resource and energy markets. Role of these resources in production processes and waste generation, use and pricing of nonrenewable and renewable resources over time, resource availability, sustainable development, and ecological economics. prereq: 1023, preferred but not required: 3023; credit will not be granted if already received for ECON 4721

ECON 3777 - Environmental Economics

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Periodic Fall, Spring & Summer

Microeconomic analysis of environmental quality as an economic good. Pollution control, benefit-cost analysis, valuation methodologies and their application to air and water quality, hazardous waste management, preservation, and global pollutants. prereq: 1023, preferred but not required: 3023; credit will not be granted if already received for ECON 4777

GEOG 3422 - Natural Hazards

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Geography of natural hazards such as earthquakes, volcanoes, tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, and droughts; human-physical environment interrelationships under extreme geophysical conditions; causes, characteristics, and consequences of natural hazards; human adjustment to natural hazards. Prereq: 1414 or Geol 1110, or minimum 30 credits or instructor consent.

GEOG 3461 - Geography of Global Resources

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Spatial distribution and uses of global natural resources addressed through models of resource management, focusing on energy, non-fuel minerals, population, food, and technology. Theoretical approach and political perspective applied to trade, international economic development, and environmental issues. prereq: Minimum 30 credits or instructor consent

GEOG 4446 - Water Processes and Management

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Introduction to the surface water processes and water resources management, including precipitation, runoff generation, channel processes, spatial and temporal variations in water distribution, aspects of water quantity and quality, and watershed management problems. Prereq: Geog 1414 or Geol 1110 or Graduate students or Instructor consent.

GEOG 4451 - The Geography of Soils

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Fall

This course gives students a fundamental understanding of the soil as a living resource. The course covers basic soil science and the critical need for sustainable soil management in the context of current agricultural and climate change. The course includes outdoor field excursions, hands-on soil study both in the field and in the lab. Course includes a weekend field trip. prereq: 1414 or Geol 1110 or grad student or instructor consent

EES 4355 - Economic Geology

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Fall Odd Year

Geologic description, distribution, and genesis of economic mineral deposits; processes leading to their formation; relationship to plate tectonics; exploration techniques and criteria for finding new deposits. Course fees assessed. prereq: EES or GEOL 2312 or grad student or instructor consent; credit will not be granted if already received for EES or GEOL 4356 or GEOL 5356

EES 4710 - Geochemistry

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Spring Odd Year

What geochemical processes occur at the intersection of the biosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere? How did earth?s surface geochemistry change over geologic time and how can we tell? In this course, we will investigate questions that relate to the co-evolution of life and Earth through a geochemical lens. Overall, the course will divide into two parts: (1) the geochemical structure of Earth from the core to the surface; and (2) practical applications for geochemistry and geochemical techniques. Discussion will begin with an overview the discipline of geochemistry, which will serve as a framework to interpret the geochemical evolution and structure of the internal and external components of Earth. Following this portion, we will examine modern advances of analytical techniques and applications in geochemistry. prereq: Math 1290 or Math 1297 or MATH 1297 and Chem 1153 or Chem 1173 or grad student or instructor consent; credit will not be granted if already received for GEOL 4710 or GEOL or EES 5711

EES 5210 - Glacial and Quaternary Geology

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Fall Even Year

Physics of glacier flow, processes of erosion and deposition, survey of glacial landforms, history and chronology of glaciation. Survey of geological and biological responses to changing environment resulting from climatic fluctuations during last three million years of Earth history. Field studies on the glacial deposits of Minnesota. (2 hrs lect, 2 hrs field lab) prereq: EES or GEOL 1110 or 1610 or GEOG 1414 and PHYS 1001 or 2013 or 2017 and MATH 1290 or 1286; or instructor consent; credit will not be granted if already received for GEOL 4210 or 5210

EES 5250 - Hydrogeology

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Spring

A quantitative introduction to hydrogeology and aquifer mechanics with emphasis on environmental applications, including, unsaturated flow, interaction between surface water and groundwater, wellhead protection, well hydraulics, inverse methods, and solute transport. Offered alternate years. prereq: Math 1290 or 1296 amd PHYS 1002 or 2013 or 2017; or grad student or instructor consent; credit will not be granted if already received for EES or GEOL 4250 or GEOL 5250

EES 5251 - Well Hydraulics

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Fall Odd Year

Hydraulics of groundwater flow to wells: equations of flow; analysis of steady and non-steady radial flow; aquifer response to stress; analysis of monitoring well networks, pumping tests, and single-point aquifer performance tests. prereq: PHYS 1001 or 2013 or 2017 and MATH 1290 or 1296 or instructor consent or grad student; credit will not be granted if already received for GEOL 5251

GIS 3563 - Geographic Information Science I: Theory and Analysis

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Fall & Spring

GIS 3563 emphasizes the concepts needed to use GIS effectively for acquiring, editing, querying, analyzing and visualizing spatial data. This course is an introduction to GIS and trains basic skills with industry standard GIS software in a wide variety of applications in both the natural and social sciences. The course covers basic data modeling, data manipulation, analytical methods and implications of geospatial technologies on society. prereq: credit will not be granted if already received for GEOG 3564 or 4563 and 4564 or GIS4565.

GIS 5572 - Environmental Application of GIS

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Explore GIS applications to the environmental issues such as natural hazards, forest management, contaminated sites, soil erosion, habitat assessment, and regional planning. Prereq: 3563 or 4565 or grad student or instructor consent; credit will not be granted if already received for GEOG 5572.

GIS 5581 - Digital Image Processing and Analysis

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Spring Even Year

This advanced remote sensing course focuses on theories and applications of digital image processing and provides students with knowledge and skills of advance digital image processing and a variety of analyitical techniques. Topics include image display and visualization, methods for geometric and radiometric corrections, image enhancement, image classification, change detection, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). prereq: 3580 or instructor consent; credit will not be granted if already received for GEOG 4580 or GEOG 5581

LIM 5101 - Physical Limnology

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	LIM 5101/5001
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Fall Odd Year

Physical description of lake dynamics including: lake morphometry, water budget, light distribution, circulation, fronts, waves and mixing. Descriptive, mathematical, numerical and data-analysis techniques are used to investigate the various topics. prereq: Math 1297, Phys 2012 or 2015 and 2016, or grad student

LIM 5102 - Chemical Limnology

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Fall Odd Year

Organic and inorganic chemistry of natural waters, major and minor ions, pH-Eh relationships, carbon and nutrient cycles, pore water chemistry, sediment chemistry, microbial geochemistry. Offered alternate years. prereq: Math 1296, Phys 1002 or 1202, Chem 1152 or 1162, or grad student; Credit will not be granted if already received for 5001

LIM 5103 - Geological Paleolimnology

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Course Equivalencies:	Lim 5103/5002/EES 5103
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Fall Even Year

Geological aspects of freshwater systems: origins, tectonic and climatic settings of lakes, geophysical mapping, physical sedimentary processes, sedimentary geochemistry, and geochronology. Particular focus on paleolimnology, the analysis of lake sediment to reconstruct past climate and environment prereq: MATH 1290 or 1296 or 1596, PHYS 1002 or 2015 or 2018, CHEM 1155 or 1175 or grad student

MATH 3280 - Differential Equations with Linear Algebra

Credits:	4.0 [max 4.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Every Fall, Spring & Summer

First, second, and higher order equations; series methods; Laplace transforms; systems; software; modeling applications; introduction to vectors; matrix algebra, eigenvalues. prereq: A grade of at least C- in 1297 or 1597

PHYS 5053 - Data Analysis Methods in Physics

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Fall Even Year

Problems of data analysis in the context of dynamical models. Emphasis will be placed on large datasets that arise in astrophysics, particle dynamics, physical oceanography and meteorology. (2 hr lect & 2 hr lab) prereq: 2012 or 2015 or 2018 and 2016, 1 sem programming, lab or field experience beyond 2012/2015 and 2016

PHYS 5541 - Fluid Dynamics

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F or Aud
Typically offered:	Spring Odd Year

Analytic and numeric treatment of dynamics of fluids. Rotating, stratified fluids, with applications in limnology, oceanography, and meteorology. prereq: 2022 or 2001, Math 3280

STAT 5411 - Analysis of Variance

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Typically offered:	Every Fall

Analysis of variance techniques as applied to scientific experiments and studies. Randomized block designs, factorial designs, nesting. Checking model assumptions. Using statistical computer software. prereq: 3411 or 3611; a grade of C- or better is required in all prerequisite courses

GEOG 3401 - Weather and Climate

Credits:	3.0 [max 3.0]
Grading Basis:	A-F only
Typically offered:	Every Spring

Weather and climate are critical to both Earth systems and human societies, yet they are frequently misunderstood. The goal of this course is to develop a scientific understanding of atmospheric processes and how they are responsible for weather events and climatic patterns. Atmospheric composition, structure, and motion are studied, along with precipitation processes, air masses, fronts, cyclonic storms, and the the distribution and classification of climates. prereq: 1414 or GEOL 1110 or 1130 or instructor consent

University Catalogs

Environmental Science Minor